I just tried an example. I've uploaded the example layer I used.
https://communities.intel.com/servlet/JiveServlet/downloadBody/23628-102-1-27985/meta-mykmods.tgz
You must also add the new layer path to bblayers.conf at the bottom.
My example is from my iot-devkit build so slightly different than yours, but yocto should still process it the same. This example layer applies my patch file as the last patch applied. (Of course 'git log' shows it at the top.)